A pediatrician explains the warning signs and prevention tips as influenza is everywhere
We’re smack in the middle of flu season – and the numbers are showing it. Nearly half of the flu tests given at CHoR last week were positive. Cases are surging elsewhere throughout the country too, even forcing some school systems to close with so many students and teachers sick.
“We’re seeing primarily influenza A, with occasional influenza B,” said pediatrician Dr. Sean McKenna. “It’s spread by contact with secretions or droplets, such as those from runny nose, saliva, respiratory droplets when someone coughs or eye discharge. So, anything that comes from the nose, mouth or eyes can spread influenza to someone else if they touch those droplets and then touch their own eyes, nose or mouth, or if they breathe in respiratory droplets that someone else nearby has coughed. This is why the 6-foot rule was stressed during the pandemic.”
Flu shot is the best line of defense
One of the best ways to ward off flu is by getting the flu shot. Our experts recommend everyone 6 months and older get the influenza vaccine annually, with the rare exception of people who have experienced reactions to the flu vaccine in the past.
According to the Virginia Department of Health, only about 30 percent of Virginians received their flu vaccinations this season.
“It’s ideal to get the flu shot by the end of October to allow antibodies to develop and offer protection as flu hits its peak, usually between December and February,” added McKenna. “But, if you and your kids haven’t gotten your shots yet, it’s never too late. Some protection is better than none.”
Flu symptoms in kids and what to do next
Common flu symptoms can include some combination of:
- Body aches
- Chills/fever
- Congestion/runny nose
- Cough
- Fatigue
- Headache
- Nausea
- Sore throat
These symptoms can last up to 10 days, which can seem like an eternity for them – and you!
“When symptoms are mild, supportive care at home can help them feel better while the virus runs its course. This may include nutrition if and when they’re willing, lots of fluids, rest and ibuprofen or acetaminophen for aches,” said McKenna. “Read the dosing instructions carefully and reach out to your health care provider with any questions.”
Contact your pediatrician if your child:
- Has a high fever (above 100.4) and is under 3 months of age
- Starts to show signs of dehydration (not peeing regularly)
- Has a cough that causes trouble breathing
- Refuses to eat or drink anything
These symptoms are more serious and should be addressed in the emergency room:
- Blue lips
- Dehydration/not peeing (fewer than 3 wet diapers or bathroom trips/day)
- Excessive irritability or sleepiness
- Fast breathing that makes eating/drinking difficult
- Heavy breathing where you can see their ribs
- Vomiting all food and drink
Tips to protect from catching and/or spreading flu
- Wash your hands often. Sing songs like the ABCs or Happy Birthday with kids to keep them scrubbing!
- Avoid touching your eyes, nose or mouth.
- Clean frequently touched surfaces, such as countertops, light switches and doorknobs, regularly.
- Get plenty of rest.
- Eat nutritious foods and drink plenty of fluids.
- Avoid close contact with people who are sick.
- If you’re sick, stay home until your symptoms are improving and you’ve been fever free (without the use of fever-reducing medication) for 24 hours.
- Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue or your elbow when coughing or sneezing.
- Wear a mask when around others.